Learn Arabic › A1 › قَدْ
قَدْ
(with past verb) already, indeed; (with present verb) may, might, sometimes /ˈqad/
particleA1#11 most common
Also: already, indeed / certainly, may / might / perhaps
Example sentences
قَدْ وَصَلَ أَبِي.
My father has already arrived.
قَدْ أَكَلْتُ الْفَطُورَ.
I have already eaten breakfast.
قَدْ يُمْطِرُ الْيَوْمَ.
It may rain today.
قَدْ تَكُونُ عَلَى حَقٍّ.
You may well be right.
قَدْ دَرَسْتُ هَذَا الدَّرْسَ مِنْ قَبْلُ، لِذَلِكَ أَفْهَمُهُ جَيِّدًا.
I have already studied this lesson before, so I understand it well.
قَدْ يَنْجَحُ الْمَرْءُ أَحْيَانًا رَغْمَ قِلَّةِ خِبْرَتِهِ، فَالْحَظُّ قَدْ يَلْعَبُ دَوْرًا.
A person may sometimes succeed despite little experience, for luck may play a role.
Word family
لَقَدْindeed, certainly (emphatic qad)
سَوْفَwill (future marker, contrasting aspect particle)رُبَّمَاperhaps, maybe
سَـwill (proclitic future marker)
Etymology
قَدْ is an indeclinable Arabic grammatical particle (ḥarf) inherited from Proto-Semitic and attested throughout Classical Arabic, including the Qur'an. It has no derivational morphology of its own; its meaning shifts purely by the tense of the verb it precedes — emphasizing completion before a past verb and expressing possibility or frequency before a present verb.
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