Learn Arabic › B1 › جِنائِيّ
جِنائِيّ
criminal (relating to crime or criminal law) /dʒɪˈnaːʔijj/
adjectiveB1#2592 most common
Also: penal, of/pertaining to felony
Example sentences
هذا قانون جنائي.
This is a criminal law.
أختي محامية جنائية.
My sister is a criminal lawyer.
انعقدت جلسة المحكمة الجنائية صباح اليوم.
The criminal court session was held this morning.
تحقق الشرطة في قضية جنائية معقدة.
The police are investigating a complex criminal case.
يواجه المتهم عقوبة جنائية قاسية بسبب جريمته.
The defendant faces a harsh criminal penalty for his crime.
تسعى المحكمة الجنائية الدولية إلى محاسبة مرتكبي جرائم الحرب.
The International Criminal Court seeks to hold war crime perpetrators accountable.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | جِنائِيٌّ | جِنائِيُّونَ |
| Genitive | جِنائِيٍّ | جِنائِيِّينَ |
| Accusative | جِنائِيّاً | جِنائِيِّينَ |
| Vocative | يا جِنائِيُّ | يا جِنائِيُّونَ |
Word family
جنايةcrime, felony
جانٍperpetrator, offender
جنىto commit a crime; to harvest
مجني عليهvictim
جناياتfelonies (plural; also names a court department)
Etymology
The word comes from the Arabic root ج-ن-ي (j-n-y), whose base verb جنى means to commit a wrong or, in an older sense, to pick fruit from a tree. From this root Arabic formed جناية (janāyah), meaning crime or felony. جنائي is the nisba, or relational, adjective built on جناية, so it literally means pertaining to a crime. This is a native Semitic derivation, not a borrowing.
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