Learn Arabic › B1 › حَكَم
حَكَم
to judge /ˈħa.ka.ma/
verbB1#1783 most common
Also: to rule, to govern, to pass sentence, to arbitrate
Example sentences
حَكَمَ الْقَاضِي.
The judge passed judgment.
حَكَمَ الْمَلِكُ الْبِلَادَ سِنِينَ طَوِيلَةً.
The king ruled the country for long years.
حَكَمَتِ الْمَحْكَمَةُ بِبَرَاءَةِ الرَّجُلِ.
The court ruled that the man was innocent.
حَكَمَ الْقَاضِي عَلَى الْمُتَّهَمِ بِالسِّجْنِ خَمْسَ سَنَوَاتٍ.
The judge sentenced the accused to five years in prison.
مَنْ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَجِبُ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بِالْعَدْلِ.
Whoever judges between people must judge with justice.
لَوْ حَكَمْتَ بِمَا تَهْوَى نَفْسُكَ لَضَلَلْتَ عَنِ الْحَقِّ وَأَضْلَلْتَ غَيْرَكَ.
Had you judged by your own whims, you would have strayed from the truth and led others astray.
Conjugation
| Present Active | Simple Past Active | Simple Future Active | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | أَحْكُمُ | حَكَمْتُ | سَأَحْكُمُ |
| 2sg | تَحْكُمُ | حَكَمْتَ | سَتَحْكُمُ |
| 3sg | يَحْكُمُ | حَكَمَ | سَيَحْكُمُ |
| 1pl | نَحْكُمُ | حَكَمْنَا | سَنَحْكُمُ |
| 2pl | تَحْكُمُونَ | حَكَمْتُمْ | سَتَحْكُمُونَ |
| 3pl | يَحْكُمُونَ | حَكَمُوا | سَيَحْكُمُونَ |
Word family
حُكْمjudgment, verdict, ruleحَكَمreferee, arbitrator
حَاكِمruler, governor
حُكُومَةgovernmentحَكِيمwise
Etymology
The verb comes from the Semitic root ḥ-k-m, which ties together the ideas of judging, governing, and being wise. The same root gives Arabic words for verdict, ruler, government, and wisdom. The link is old: to judge well is to be wise. The root has clear cousins across the Semitic family.
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