Learn Arabic › B2 › شِرْيان
شِرْيان
artery /ʃirˈjaːn/
nounB2#3626 most common
Also: blood vessel (loosely), lifeline (figurative)
Example sentences
هذا شِريانٌ في جسمِ الإنسان.
This is an artery in the human body.
يحملُ الشِّريانُ الدمَ إلى القلب.
The artery carries blood to the heart.
شعرَ الطبيبُ بنبضِ الشِّريانِ في رسغِ المريض.
The doctor felt the pulse of the artery in the patient's wrist.
انسدادُ الشِّريانِ التاجي قد يسببُ نوبةً قلبية.
Blockage of the coronary artery can cause a heart attack.
يُعدُّ الشِّريانُ الأورطي أكبرَ شِريانٍ في جسمِ الإنسان.
The aorta is considered the largest artery in the human body.
أظهرت الدراسةُ أنّ تراكمَ الكوليسترول داخلَ جدرانِ الشرايينِ يؤدي تدريجياً إلى تضيّقها وتصلّبها.
The study showed that cholesterol buildup inside the artery walls gradually leads to their narrowing and hardening.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | شِرْيَانٌ | شَرَايِينُ |
| Genitive | شِرْيَانٍ | شَرَايِينَ |
| Accusative | شِرْيَاناً | شَرَايِينَ |
| Vocative | يَا شِرْيَانُ | يَا شَرَايِينُ |
Word family
شَرَايِينarteries (plural)
شِرْيَانِيّarterial
تَصَلُّب الشَّرَايِينarteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries
الشِّرْيَان التَّاجِيّthe coronary artery
Etymology
Shiryān comes from the Arabic triliteral root sh-r-y, tied to the verb shariya, meaning to flare up or intensify. Classical lexicographers describe the artery as the vessel whose pulse intensifies, so the name captures its throbbing beat rather than any borrowed term. Arabic is a Semitic language, not Indo-European, so no PIE root applies here.
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