Learn Arabic › B2 › عِيار
عِيار
caliber /ʕiˈjaːr/
nounB2#3473 most common
Also: carat (gold purity), gauge or standard, round of ammunition
Example sentences
عِيار هذا المسدسِ تِسعة مِلّيمتر.
This pistol's caliber is nine millimeters.
اشترَت أُمّي خاتِمًا مِن الذهَبِ عِيار ثمانية عشر.
My mother bought a ring made of 18-carat gold.
يُفضِّل كثيرٌ مِن الناسِ الذهَبَ عِيار واحد وعشرين لأنّه أنقى مِن عِيار ثمانية عشر.
Many people prefer 21-carat gold because it is purer than 18-carat.
تختلِفُ قيمةُ الذهَبِ باختِلافِ عِيارِه، فكلّما ارتفَعَ العِيارُ زادَتِ النَّقاوةُ.
Gold's value differs according to its carat; the higher the carat, the greater the purity.
أُصيبَ الجُنديُّ بطَلقٍ ناريٍّ مِن عِيارٍ كبيرٍ أثناءَ الاشتِباكِ.
The soldier was hit by a large-caliber gunshot during the clash.
نصَّ القانونُ على ألّا يقِلَّ عِيارُ الذهَبِ المسموحِ بتداوُلِه في الأسواقِ المحلّيّةِ عن واحدٍ وعشرين.
The law stipulated that the carat of gold permitted for trade in local markets must not be less than 21.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | عِيارٌ | أعيِرَةٌ |
| Genitive | عِيارٍ | أعيِرَةٍ |
| Accusative | عِيارًا | أعيِرَةً |
| Vocative | يا عِيارُ | يا أعيِرَةُ |
Word family
معيار (miʿyār)standard, criterion, benchmark
معايرة (muʿāyara)calibration, titration
عَيَّرَ (ʿayyara)to reproach, taunt
عار (ʿār)shame, disgrace
أعيرة (aʿyira)calibers, rounds (plural)
Etymology
عيار comes from the Arabic root ع-ي-ر, whose core sense is testing or comparing something against a fixed standard. The same root gives عَيَّرَ, to reproach someone by holding up a fault for comparison, and معيار, a criterion or benchmark. An older, separate branch of the same root survives in عَيْر, meaning a wild or young donkey, which shows how far a single root can drift in meaning over centuries.
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