Learn Arabic › A2 › إِنْ
إِنْ
if /ˈʔin/
particleA2#1221 most common
Also: whether, even if, not (classical negative particle)
Example sentences
إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ نَلْتَقِي غَدًا.
God willing, we will meet tomorrow.
إِنْ تَدْرُسْ تَنْجَحْ.
If you study, you will succeed.
إِنْ تَزُرْنِي أُرَحِّبْ بِكَ.
If you visit me, I will welcome you.
لَنْ أَذْهَبَ إِنْ لَمْ تَأْتِ مَعِي.
I will not go if you do not come with me.
إِنْ تُنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ الْخَيْرِ تَجِدُوا جَزَاءَكُمْ.
If you spend for the sake of good, you will find your reward.
وَإِنْ تَصْبِرُوا وَتَتَّقُوا فَإِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ الْأُمُورِ.
And if you are patient and mindful of God, that is among the matters of firm resolve.
Word family
إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُGod willing, if God wills
إِمَّاeither ... or (from إِنْ + مَا)
إِلَّاexcept, unless (from إِنْ + لَا)
إِذَاwhen, if (realis condition)
لَوْif (counterfactual condition)
Etymology
إِنْ is the basic conditional particle of Arabic, inherited from Proto-Semitic. It introduces a hypothetical condition and puts both the condition verb and its answer into the jussive mood. Comparative Semitists link it to the Hebrew conditional אִם and the Aramaic הֵן. It is distinct from the emphatic particle إِنَّ, which carries a doubled nūn.
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